AFTER 75 YEARS

75 years ago that Franco and his followers rose up against the freedom that is worth remembering that:

"Those who dispense justice while imposing a dictatorship do to justify their crimesagainst society are creating"

Antonio Garcia Leal

ROMANIANS IN BADALONA POULISMO OF PP

The controversy sparked by Vivian Reding about her claim for the deportation of Romanian Gypsies that the French government is carrying out throughout the Republic, have drowned the real debate on the problem which involves the relocation of peoples in the European Community XXI century where a European Union-led right into a Europe too far right, it seems that begins to put up barriers to the Schengen Treaty, a treaty that I did was eliminate the artificial barriers created by states as a borders within the framework of the European Union (EU) probably by political opportunism or electoral populism back on the fundamental rights of individual citizens and, therefore, breaking the spirit of unity that should be closer to all Europeans.
Manuel Marin said former president of the Euro chamber, and the Congress of Deputies in the program that directs Angels Hora 25 Cadena SER Barceló, that this was something I saw coming in a Europe where the right rules in 24 out of 27 constituent states and where the left is treeless politically speaking, and the lack of public support is unable to carry out leftist policies inclusive.
However it was also aimed, as it has been in Spain in the Regional and municipal elections would see the agitation of the ghost of immigration as one of the axes of the season, unfortunately, the day after saying these words Manuel Marin, PP Catalan (PPC) campaign immersed in the regional elections, has brought a MEP Maria Sanchez-Schmid Thérèse Union pour un party Mouvement Populaire (UMP) party in the chamber Sarkozy Euro Badalonaa company by the leader of the PPC Alicia Sánchez Camacho to show that in Spain there is a situation similar to that of France, and there is no better breeding ground for most schools of thought on the right and electoral populism that a deep economic crisis due to the erratic pattern of economic growth and financial crisis that Spain had no responsibility in a society with 4 million unemployed to which they are trying to sell a false reality about the consequences of the expulsion of foreigners, is not acceptable to blame a particular ethnic group for all the ills of society because this idea has already been tested in Europe in the 30s with disastrous consequences, it would eliminate more populism of those who stir the ghosts in Spain, reminding them that while with one hand in Catalonia show us the problems posed by the other Romanian Gypsies in Madrid allow the settlement of Romanian villages which moreover do not exist in Badalona where the problem may be closer to a problem of insecurity.

It is also wise to note that the PPC has already had to back off and apologize 'to the Romanian community in Badalona for the division in the population of a pamphlet which was associated with the Romanians with the insecurity and electoral populism is that PPC is not measure and are to be borne in mind that this type of policy starts at one end and ending with the other and now the Romanian Gypsies and tomorrow the past by the South American Moroccan ... and so on until we finish with all the scapegoats our problems and build a society less supportive, less tolerant and more conservative, political interest of a few who are willing to open Pandora's box and then wash their hands on the problems created by such policies is that in Catalonia where it has been given the starting gun in key electoral populism ethnicity, which does not tell us Dona Alicia Sánchez Camacho is more to the right that she has emerged a tough competitor Platform for Catalonia (PXC), this unique game Catalan is president Josep Anglada, someone who belonged to Fuerza Nueva, which was the right hand of Blas Pinar in Catalonia, not to hesitate in raising the specter of immigration as it has made the police and his flag is a tough course Sanchez Camacho competitor in Catalonia that possibly has decided to take this path and not in the interest citizen.
Finally say that the recipe for these problems lies in the social integration of the various ethnic groups that make up the old Europe, as a good way to enrich our culture is integrated to other ethnic groups with a common commitment to respect the basic rulescoexistence and the fundamental rights of individual citizens, if we want to build a wealthy society we will have to count all since we can all contribute our bit to the EU for all, but we have to integrate it as a symptom deport clear weakness.

Antonio Garcia Leal ®

THE FISHERMAN'S SANDALS

The high cost of the papal visit to the community of Madrid, which the newspaper published figures of 50 million euros of which according to that day's pay for 25 public funds, it makes me think about the need in times of crisis to come Spain to the Pope, is not an unnecessary expense in these times? also be taken into account that the character will come to Spain in two occasions, at a cost that is similar or if not I hope will be an enormous expense to the public.

And is that while from the government tell us that we must tighten our belts, which has to cut costs even in the social field, while there are people who have not yet received the assistance applied for under the law of dependence, we intend to bring the gyrfalcon's highest-ranking Catholic Church, to bring us a faith in a Catholic church in decline, a victim of its own excesses and its retrograde policies and intolerant, and their permissiveness to serious crimes against the most vulnerable links of society, has been unable to not only apologize for the crimes of persons of rank within the church, but has branded the charges above reasonable and justified by evidence, to be a persecution against the institution when the institution takes centuries to pursue any who does not agree with it and only the progress of society, able to deliver half of the influence of the clergy in society.

Although I must say that Spain in this regard is a special case since here even the echoes of the last known anti abortion have led us to see on the street pancarteros priests, who were crying in breach of the parliament, which is the voice of the people, decided together with the Spanish right to use the church to give political rallies, a church that has certainly never stopped being a mere political tool at least in Spain since April 14, 1931 when he drowned in a true secular state was devoted to fish votes from the pulpit to defend its survival as an institution, even creating a political party and that after the victory of the rebellious side imposed its social doctrine to the people and was an instrument of repression but in that Spain orphan freedoms.

So my thinking is aimed to ask the believers have to come see the Vicar of Christ, who wonder what will benefit his visit to Spain to do so if we have to spend 25 million euros, I would also like to explain it those who do not believe in God because they have to pay in view of the character, and that we are not explaining it right that we pay to cap the visit if the visit then used to give a rally on the right, with allusions to the law of abortion, education for citizenship or marriage between same-sex couples and I tell you that I am a practicing believer who believes in God but not his ministers that Spain should be a secular Republic.

Antonio Garcia Leal ®

Short sentences

"Truth and war are not compatible"

Antonio Garcia Leal ®

THE CONVOY OF 927

The human tragedy that was the end of the Spanish Civil War for those who defended the Republican side was continuing with the start of World War II through the persecution they were subjected the Spanish exiles who fled Franco's Spain is settled in other European nations where democracy was in force at the time. The early Nazi victory over Western Europe, marked the beginning of the persecution of those Republicans meanings by the Nazi occupying forces that collaborated in the arrest and subsequent surrender to the authorities of the Francoist regime of men and Lluis Companys among others, condemned to death and murdered by Franco after a farcical trial without any warranty, or assisting in the physical removal in the death camps of those who had participated in the ranks of the Republicans and were confined in refugee camps in France, the convoy the 927 is an irrefutable proof of Nazi collaboration with the Francoist authorities, as well as the dubious honor of being the first convoy of foreign civilians transported to a Nazi extermination camp.

After the end of the Spanish Civil War, many Republicans fled to France to escape the arbitrariness of the criminal regime imposed by General Franco and his acolytes disguising vengeance of justice turned to pursue the Republicans to kill, imprison orostracized and misery because they had defended the democratic values of the Second Spanish Republic. Many of those crossing the border Spanish French went to French refugee camps, there were confined in appalling conditions in the hope by the French authorities that the Spanish return to the Spain from which they had fled where he taughtof arbitrary justice.
On September 1, 1939 with the start of World War II, the Spanish began to be useful for the French authorities to strengthen border defenses, they will be harangued by the French saying that defend France against the same enemies who had fought for civil war. But fortunately for the Spanish and French is short since the June 25, 1940 France surrenders to the Nazis, Hitler, eager for revenge to sign the surrender to the French in the wagon Fosch, the scene where signed November 11, 1918 the ceasefire that ended the First World War and the defeat of Germany.
On the occasion of the French defeat Spanish Republicans lie within the area occupied by the Nazis, and the August 20, 1940, a group of 927 people, composed of men, women and children all Spanish refugees Alliers Les Field, will be taken to Angoulême station, telling them to be transported to the Francoist Spain in some cases free France or other - so called Vichy France which had a government to the Nazi led by the French hero World War Philippe Pétain - forced to board a freight train as if it were won, would 18 days with 18 nights without leaving it - This is how Luisa Ramos, one of the members of the convoy in the documentary The Convoy of 927 - with the exception of 470 which.After four days of travel, the train stopped at the station of Mauthausen, there were selected to train 470 members from 10 years of age all men to be confined to the field of Mauthausen itself to be exterminated so he did know the moment they arrive to the camp's prisoners flat field mayar telling them that they had entered through the door but would leave the chimney of the crematorium, the Spanish did not know they inaugurated the sad and terrifying journey to the fields Nazi extermination that spread throughout Europe in order to exterminate the enemies of the Reich, this transport was done with the consent of the Franquismo authorities as having been advised by the Spanish embassy in Paris by two letters sent to the Ministry of Spanish Foreign conducted in those days Serrano - Cuñado Franco - these were not answered, informing them of the impending transfer of the Spanish concentration camps, sending letters to four German embassy in Madrid from August 20, 1940 and 03 October, is not never answered another irrefutable proof that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is the fact that the blue triangle with an "S" in the center that meant (Spanier) that would look on the uniforms of the Spanish prisoners, this mark is the result of a meeting between Serrano and Nazi leaders on September 13, 1940 where he also spoke of the possible entry of Spain in the Second World War and was prepared Hitler's visit to Hendaye.
But the most obvious evidence that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is that at least two of the convoy were taken off the field with the efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Franco led by Serrano Suner.
Halfway through a year of detention of 470 of the convoy in the extermination camp of Mauthausen, the foreign ministry received a letter from the Spanish Embassy in Berlin reporting that the fate of Spanish citizens who had been interned there for being red or by his dangerous political past, this time the foreign ministry responded with a handwritten note outside that I quote:
"Since it seems inadvisable to do anything for the inmates, filed"
The Spanish Embassy in Vienna processed death certificates for hundreds of deportees to Nazi death camps of Spanish origin, it is estimated that around 10,000 Spanish passed through the Nazi death camps. Of the 470 who left the convoy and they opened the 927 civilian transport to extermination camps, at least 60, all of them mutilated, were killed immediately upon arrival to the field without even being enrolled, including 470, 409 victims die Nazi barbarism and neglect of an accomplice to the Spanish authorities.
The life that awaited the Spanish in the concentration camp was hell on earth, since the Spanish they had applied the Night and Fog Decree (Decreto_Nacht_und_Nebel), which established the physical elimination of opponents of the Nazi regime, the method used by the Nazis for the extermination of the inmates was to exploit them physically more capable in a quarry adjacent to the field, Jesus Tello, one member of the Convoy of the 927 tells how they were forced to climb the 182 steps loaded with huge stones, some when they came up fell back exhausted in turn causing the downfall of those who preceded them, and we must bear in mind that being sick or badly injured was the passport to certain death, others were thrown from above Quarry for the camp guards just for fun. They were forced to train for hours in the early morning rain or nevase for the sole purpose of breaking the spirit of survival of the prisoners.
It should be noted the heroic gesture of the Spanish national of Mauthausen, Francisco Boix (although not part of the convoy) and the Poschacher group, composed of Spanish prisoners, through their courage, in the Nuremberg trials could condemn many the Nazi bigwigs who tried to evade responsibility by claiming they knew nothing, called by the prosecution French, Francisco Boix with photographs provide evidence against Ernst Kaltenbrunner and Albert Speer and others.
The convoy with the rest of the members giving way to Spain followed a rare tour of Europe, and finally coming to Spain to Hendaye station on September 1, 1940, there began a second ordeal that lasted 40 years for victims of that train inmates in a country that was a prison run by the state.

Although it is clear that the greatest act of courage is to have survived internment in Nazi death camps, survival at 40 years of Franco dictatorship, an accomplice of the crimes are recounted here and tell the younger generations as there step in order not to forget to not happen again. We all have a debt to these people, the best way to pay is not forgetting what they went through, showing them the utmost respect on the 70th anniversary of the first transport of civilians to an extermination camp.
Huerta Manuel one of the victims of the train at the end of the documentary says:
"When silence is that no one speaks"
I reply that not a member of this silence and give thanks for surviving and tell him and all who fought died or survived the Nazi barbarism and Franco.

Antonio Garcia Leal ®

PATRIOTIC COLORS

The history of the colors of our flag goes back to the need to recognize the Spanish flag on vessels of the Spanish Royal Navy, because with the advent of the Bourbon Philip V at the time of that kingdom in Spain since 1700 until July 9, 1746, this flag set as the royal arms on the white cloth typical of the House of Bourbon.

From now until the reign of Charles III the Spanish royal pavilion will be the one described above.Due to the widespread use of the flag with white cloth typical of Bourbon between the different kingdoms that ruled on this house (Naples France, Tuscany or Sicily) Carlos III ordered his minister of marine Antonio Valdés y Bazán one contest with In order to find a new flag for the navy and merchant ships in order to distinguish them from other nations. Of the 12 sketches that were submitted to the contest, the king chose two, to which various dimensions of the slots would be for a merchant marine and the other for the royal navy.


Following the election on May 28th, 1785 is proclaimed a royal decree which says:

"To avoid the inconveniences and damages, which experience has shown can cause the National Flag, to use my Navy shipbuilding, and other Spanish vessels, making mistakes at long distances, or placid winds with those of other nations, have resolved , which is now using my Flag warships divided lengthwise into three lists, of which the major, and the shoal are red, and the width of each of the fourth of the total, and the middle yellow placing this on my Royal Coat of Arms Quartel reduced to the two of Castile and Leon with the Royal Crown above and the banner with the same three lists, and over the shield on yellow square in the top: And use of the other boats, no shield, the same color and should be among the list of yellow, and the width of the third part of the Flag, and each of the other parties divided into two equal lists red, and yellow alternately , all in accordance with the attached design. You may not be used in other pavilions in the North Sea towards Europe as to the parallel of Tenerife in the ocean, and in the Mediterranean from the first of the year 1786: in North America since the beginning of July next;Seas and in the other first year since 1787. Tendréislo understood for compliance. "
"S.M. hand Bookmarks in Aranjuez to twenty-eight of May 1785. " A D. Antonio Valdes.

(Copy extracted verbatim from the website of the Moncloa which in turn comes from the original)

Charles IV de Bourbon (1788-1808) succeeded Charles III in 1788 under his reign the general ordinances of the navy of March 8, 1793, make extensive use of the flag Rojigualda the maritime towns, castles and coastal defenses and define it as a real flag.

Under the reign of Isabel II (1833-1868) expanded the use of the flag bicolor the army, and proceeding to unify the Spanish flag. The Royal Decree of October 13, 1843 provides for the substitution of flags, banners and badges, emblems of the army, with new ones rojigualdas.

Subsequently, the instruction insignia, flags, honors and salutes of the navy, March 13, 1867 again depicts the flag of ships, arsenals and maritime spaces explicitly.

It would be under the reign of Alfonso XII when the National flag would definitely like rojigualda defined by the instruction of December 10, 1878, on signs, flags, honor, and greetings sea in which the first article defines the national flag in the same terms as the above statement, 1867.

Having spent 13 days of the exile of Alfonso XII and the proclamation of the Second Republic, on April 27, 1931 the provisional government by a decree adopted as a flag national flag consisting of three equal stripes of red first, second yellow the third house in the heart of the teaches, has the Republican shield which was established in the Decree, the shield goes back to the days of the revolution of 1868 or also known as the glorious. The decree states that will be used as a shield:

"... That on the back of five-peseta coins minted by the Provisional Government in 1869 and 1870."


As for the purple, the decree says this:

"Today the flag is folded adopted as a national mid-nineteenth century. In it are preserved the two colors and adds a third, admits that the tradition of a region famous logo, a national nerve, with the emblem of the Republic, thus formed, more accurately sums up the harmony of a greatSpain. "

There is some controversy over the origin of the color purple as a symbol of Castile as the Purple Banner of Castile which was so not because it has been shown that this is crimson red, and so are recorded in the minutes book of the municipality of Valladolid which reads "was large and somewhat heavy, three and a half yards wide and long, with crimson damask, with the arms of Castile on both sides painted on the banner said." For the villagers attributed the use of a dwelling for distinguished teaching, but subsequent studies have shown that these used by teaches who wore a red crosses, against the white of the supporters of Charles I.


On July 17, 1936 after the military uprising established the Nationalist side banner for the rojigualda, by instruction of August 29, 1936, on 13 September of that year ordered the Nationalist side was used as a shield to the Republican. On February 2, 1938 the Nationalist side teaches adopt it as the flag with the colors before the Second Republic, which is set to shield the elements of the heraldry of the Catholic Monarchs times, the Eagle of San Juan with the yoke and arrows at the bottom and the quarters of the shield the kingdoms of Castile, Aragon and Navarra, taking the top crown this flag would be official throughout the country after the final defeat of the republican government and the imposition of a dictatorship that lasted 40 years, in 1945 the rebels changed again the shield and again in October 1977 to do so.

With the advent of democracy regime change to a parliamentary monarchy in which the head of state descends from the Bourbon coat of the national ensign suffer a last change, which, on October 5, 1981, curiously 9 months after the last military uprising in Spain - which took place on February 23 - were taken to shield the symbols of the House of Bourbon

Antonio Garcia Leal ®

COMMUNISM

COMMUNISM

You could say that the Russian revolution was the highlight of the communist movement emerged in Europe during the French Revolution. But the question is, what is it that there was communism in Russia and its satellite countries? Can we say that china is a communist country?, And the Cuban regime is communist? Could say that revolutions in these countries were communists and their leaders were also in favour of creating a communist society, but when it came to power and stopped the process broke down the dreams of creating a just and egalitarian society, either by external factors or by the greed of their leaders the reality is that not we have come to see never a communist society in full operation, if it could be said that as close to this type of society, collectively and was mainly in Catalonia and Aragon during the Spanish civil war, although these were dissolved in 1937 by the army of the republic.

We can say that communism is an ideological stream that advocates the elimination of social classes in order to create a society with a single class, self-reliant, which is supplying itself and living in peace and harmony wherever the first being treated attempt to create a communist society in Europe was in revolutionary France, between 1795 and 1796, called this "conspiracy of equals" and extols real equality of men who appeared in "the declaration of the rights of man and citizen of 1789 "among its leaders can find Francois-Noel Babeuf, who advocated the abolition of private property and the right to inherit land, was also a strong supporter of the collectivization of land Babeuf is considered one of the first theoreticians of communism as well as a pre anarchist. The conspiracy of the same failed, however, this school of thought combined with other social economic and political factors, leading to Marxism embodied in the communist manifesto of 1848.

The Communist manifest, written by Marx and Engels, was published in 1848 and represents the cornerstone, around which revolve communism in the subsequent 69 years until the Russian Revolution of 1917, and comes to responding to the emerging working class living in deplorable conditions throughout the industrialized Europe communism is a clear condemnation of capital and capitalist society, which exploits the working class before the passivity of the authorities, for this reason, the manifesto calls between its top abolition of classes social and state to create a just and egalitarian society where there are no classes for this purpose it is necessary to make a revolution, this revolution will lead to the working class to power, and after a period of transition, in which an entity manager revolutionary lead society to the last and final phase of the revolution that is the disappearance of this managing body because society is already self-management. It is also true that Marx was a visionary who believed that the Communist revolution would spread around the world easily, and this perhaps is the potential error, because no society was now ready for that change so radical that is why communism is not prospered because the construction of a communist society involved the destruction of the existing company to its foundations, and the creation of a single class in which there are no differences. Communism also flourished within the working class because not all were consistent in how they should make this change and this was evident in the first international congress in 1872, where anarchists were expelled and Anarcho-syndicalism because they were not compliant with the period of transition before the elimination of the state. 

The need to create an egalitarian society was the driving force behind the changes represented a substantial improvement in the lives of the working class of Europe after a constant struggle, and acosta lives of many workers, even as the communist revolution did not come to consolidate However, the need to create a society like this is the end, the germ destroyer of the company itself, because if we analyze the results of the so-called communist revolutions, all revolutions have stalled in Phase 2, starting the basis that a Communist revolution consists of three distinct phases that would be, First revolution; Secondly the creation of a body that would lead manager revolutionary revolution thirdly and finally the last phase, which would eliminate state or the managing body of the revolution because society would have learned to self.

The failure of communism is illustrated by the Russian Revolution of 1917, where the people rose up against the Czar because they lived in a feudal state, where citizens was nothing more than mere instruments of the state, yes there that the revolution succeeded because The change meant the hegemony of the people, the collectivization of land for the benefit of the people, because finally be completed with the privileged classes of society Tsarist, to convert, faits accomplis, the theories of Marx and Engels's Communist manifesto and reach to create such a utopian society, where all were equal and where no one lacks for nothing.

For this the leaders of the revolution, Leon Trotsky and Vladimir Lenin, Josef Stalin, among others, lead the Russian people through the various stages of Communism described in "Communist Manifesto" of Marx and Engels and this is where is the problem of communism itself said, in the inability of communist leaders moving to phase 3, in which Will will have disappeared from human nature, selfishness, lust for power, the desire for progress of the individual so staff and the desire to live differently? Will be willing to leave the ruling classes of caring for the revolutionary process because it has already reached its zenith?, does mean that they do not exceed mere instruments of the revolution?, does not accept that any longer revered for having led the revolution and become ordinary citizens like everyone else?, and I do not think this was evident after the untimely death Lenin, because at that moment that Stalin took the reins of the revolution, after struggling for power with Trosky, is when this becomes stagnant in final form, and since then, that communism is not progressing toward its third and decisive phase. Moreover, in addition to stall the revolution in Russia, also was devoted to prosecute, so ruthless, those who trumpeted the creation of a more egalitarian society based on communism good proof of this we have it in the assassination of Trotsky or Andreu Nin, among others, the latter founder, along with Juan Andrade of the POUM, (Workers' Party Marxist Unification) a cutting Marxist party, came from the union of the parties BOC (block workers and peasants) and ICE (left Spanish community) in 1935, in Spain, the POUM was against Marxism-Leninism and why their leaders were persecuted by the communist Russian agents abroad, this time from my point of view this is where Russian communism becomes a simple dictatorship.

Other subsequent attempts to create a communist society failed for the same reason that the Russian revolution it did before, since the revolution china or the Cuban revolution, led respectively by Mao Zedong and Fidel Castro by the inability of their leaders go beyond the second phase of the revolution. And that is indeed the main obstacle to communist societies operate, are yearning for progress and improvement of individual persons who have to build these companies, because they will become the parent of revolution from the very moment to assume control of the revolution, will be judges and executioners of the revolution back in where they are, will be revered by some and denostar by others and that in essence is the germ of destructive communist society, creating a class leader who always can put everything into question, the lack of clear and concise deadlines for achieving the goals of the Communist manifesto, the total and absolute conformism of society regarding their status. 

That's because at heart, communism society preaches single thought and that goes against human nature. Is it then communism, the solution to the problem of society? I do not think so, not because it is an unworkable idea, but because no society is willing to shoulder the high costs of destroying everything built so far, to quit in the hands of a few elected, the transition towards an egalitarian society, however it must be said that the idea is brilliant, that would be desirable, that society was so self-sufficient, self-government without us go without private ownership , A society where we have everything. An unattainable utopia, that's why I would call to communism as a "giant with feet of clay."

But peaceful society can improve Babeuf said at the end of "the manifesto of the commoners", "Come on, after a thousand years, to change these laws rude!" I say unto you, let us do what is a good start

® Antonio Garcia Leal