The human tragedy that was the end of the Spanish Civil War for those who defended the Republican side was continuing with the start of World War II through the persecution they were subjected the Spanish exiles who fled Franco's Spain is settled in other European nations where democracy was in force at the time. The early Nazi victory over Western Europe, marked the beginning of the persecution of those Republicans meanings by the Nazi occupying forces that collaborated in the arrest and subsequent surrender to the authorities of the Francoist regime of men and Lluis Companys among others, condemned to death and murdered by Franco after a farcical trial without any warranty, or assisting in the physical removal in the death camps of those who had participated in the ranks of the Republicans and were confined in refugee camps in France, the convoy the 927 is an irrefutable proof of Nazi collaboration with the Francoist authorities, as well as the dubious honor of being the first convoy of foreign civilians transported to a Nazi extermination camp.
After the end of the Spanish Civil War, many Republicans fled to France to escape the arbitrariness of the criminal regime imposed by General Franco and his acolytes disguising vengeance of justice turned to pursue the Republicans to kill, imprison orostracized and misery because they had defended the democratic values of the Second Spanish Republic. Many of those crossing the border Spanish French went to French refugee camps, there were confined in appalling conditions in the hope by the French authorities that the Spanish return to the Spain from which they had fled where he taughtof arbitrary justice.
On September 1, 1939 with the start of World War II, the Spanish began to be useful for the French authorities to strengthen border defenses, they will be harangued by the French saying that defend France against the same enemies who had fought for civil war. But fortunately for the Spanish and French is short since the June 25, 1940 France surrenders to the Nazis, Hitler, eager for revenge to sign the surrender to the French in the wagon Fosch, the scene where signed November 11, 1918 the ceasefire that ended the First World War and the defeat of Germany.
On the occasion of the French defeat Spanish Republicans lie within the area occupied by the Nazis, and the August 20, 1940, a group of 927 people, composed of men, women and children all Spanish refugees Alliers Les Field, will be taken to Angoulême station, telling them to be transported to the Francoist Spain in some cases free France or other - so called Vichy France which had a government to the Nazi led by the French hero World War Philippe Pétain - forced to board a freight train as if it were won, would 18 days with 18 nights without leaving it - This is how Luisa Ramos, one of the members of the convoy in the documentary The Convoy of 927 - with the exception of 470 which.After four days of travel, the train stopped at the station of Mauthausen, there were selected to train 470 members from 10 years of age all men to be confined to the field of Mauthausen itself to be exterminated so he did know the moment they arrive to the camp's prisoners flat field mayar telling them that they had entered through the door but would leave the chimney of the crematorium, the Spanish did not know they inaugurated the sad and terrifying journey to the fields Nazi extermination that spread throughout Europe in order to exterminate the enemies of the Reich, this transport was done with the consent of the Franquismo authorities as having been advised by the Spanish embassy in Paris by two letters sent to the Ministry of Spanish Foreign conducted in those days Serrano - Cuñado Franco - these were not answered, informing them of the impending transfer of the Spanish concentration camps, sending letters to four German embassy in Madrid from August 20, 1940 and 03 October, is not never answered another irrefutable proof that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is the fact that the blue triangle with an "S" in the center that meant (Spanier) that would look on the uniforms of the Spanish prisoners, this mark is the result of a meeting between Serrano and Nazi leaders on September 13, 1940 where he also spoke of the possible entry of Spain in the Second World War and was prepared Hitler's visit to Hendaye.
But the most obvious evidence that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is that at least two of the convoy were taken off the field with the efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Franco led by Serrano Suner.
Halfway through a year of detention of 470 of the convoy in the extermination camp of Mauthausen, the foreign ministry received a letter from the Spanish Embassy in Berlin reporting that the fate of Spanish citizens who had been interned there for being red or by his dangerous political past, this time the foreign ministry responded with a handwritten note outside that I quote:
"Since it seems inadvisable to do anything for the inmates, filed"
The Spanish Embassy in Vienna processed death certificates for hundreds of deportees to Nazi death camps of Spanish origin, it is estimated that around 10,000 Spanish passed through the Nazi death camps. Of the 470 who left the convoy and they opened the 927 civilian transport to extermination camps, at least 60, all of them mutilated, were killed immediately upon arrival to the field without even being enrolled, including 470, 409 victims die Nazi barbarism and neglect of an accomplice to the Spanish authorities.
The life that awaited the Spanish in the concentration camp was hell on earth, since the Spanish they had applied the Night and Fog Decree (Decreto_Nacht_und_Nebel), which established the physical elimination of opponents of the Nazi regime, the method used by the Nazis for the extermination of the inmates was to exploit them physically more capable in a quarry adjacent to the field, Jesus Tello, one member of the Convoy of the 927 tells how they were forced to climb the 182 steps loaded with huge stones, some when they came up fell back exhausted in turn causing the downfall of those who preceded them, and we must bear in mind that being sick or badly injured was the passport to certain death, others were thrown from above Quarry for the camp guards just for fun. They were forced to train for hours in the early morning rain or nevase for the sole purpose of breaking the spirit of survival of the prisoners.
It should be noted the heroic gesture of the Spanish national of Mauthausen, Francisco Boix (although not part of the convoy) and the Poschacher group, composed of Spanish prisoners, through their courage, in the Nuremberg trials could condemn many the Nazi bigwigs who tried to evade responsibility by claiming they knew nothing, called by the prosecution French, Francisco Boix with photographs provide evidence against Ernst Kaltenbrunner and Albert Speer and others.
The convoy with the rest of the members giving way to Spain followed a rare tour of Europe, and finally coming to Spain to Hendaye station on September 1, 1940, there began a second ordeal that lasted 40 years for victims of that train inmates in a country that was a prison run by the state.
Although it is clear that the greatest act of courage is to have survived internment in Nazi death camps, survival at 40 years of Franco dictatorship, an accomplice of the crimes are recounted here and tell the younger generations as there step in order not to forget to not happen again. We all have a debt to these people, the best way to pay is not forgetting what they went through, showing them the utmost respect on the 70th anniversary of the first transport of civilians to an extermination camp.
Huerta Manuel one of the victims of the train at the end of the documentary says:
"When silence is that no one speaks"
I reply that not a member of this silence and give thanks for surviving and tell him and all who fought died or survived the Nazi barbarism and Franco.
After the end of the Spanish Civil War, many Republicans fled to France to escape the arbitrariness of the criminal regime imposed by General Franco and his acolytes disguising vengeance of justice turned to pursue the Republicans to kill, imprison orostracized and misery because they had defended the democratic values of the Second Spanish Republic. Many of those crossing the border Spanish French went to French refugee camps, there were confined in appalling conditions in the hope by the French authorities that the Spanish return to the Spain from which they had fled where he taughtof arbitrary justice.
On September 1, 1939 with the start of World War II, the Spanish began to be useful for the French authorities to strengthen border defenses, they will be harangued by the French saying that defend France against the same enemies who had fought for civil war. But fortunately for the Spanish and French is short since the June 25, 1940 France surrenders to the Nazis, Hitler, eager for revenge to sign the surrender to the French in the wagon Fosch, the scene where signed November 11, 1918 the ceasefire that ended the First World War and the defeat of Germany.
On the occasion of the French defeat Spanish Republicans lie within the area occupied by the Nazis, and the August 20, 1940, a group of 927 people, composed of men, women and children all Spanish refugees Alliers Les Field, will be taken to Angoulême station, telling them to be transported to the Francoist Spain in some cases free France or other - so called Vichy France which had a government to the Nazi led by the French hero World War Philippe Pétain - forced to board a freight train as if it were won, would 18 days with 18 nights without leaving it - This is how Luisa Ramos, one of the members of the convoy in the documentary The Convoy of 927 - with the exception of 470 which.After four days of travel, the train stopped at the station of Mauthausen, there were selected to train 470 members from 10 years of age all men to be confined to the field of Mauthausen itself to be exterminated so he did know the moment they arrive to the camp's prisoners flat field mayar telling them that they had entered through the door but would leave the chimney of the crematorium, the Spanish did not know they inaugurated the sad and terrifying journey to the fields Nazi extermination that spread throughout Europe in order to exterminate the enemies of the Reich, this transport was done with the consent of the Franquismo authorities as having been advised by the Spanish embassy in Paris by two letters sent to the Ministry of Spanish Foreign conducted in those days Serrano - Cuñado Franco - these were not answered, informing them of the impending transfer of the Spanish concentration camps, sending letters to four German embassy in Madrid from August 20, 1940 and 03 October, is not never answered another irrefutable proof that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is the fact that the blue triangle with an "S" in the center that meant (Spanier) that would look on the uniforms of the Spanish prisoners, this mark is the result of a meeting between Serrano and Nazi leaders on September 13, 1940 where he also spoke of the possible entry of Spain in the Second World War and was prepared Hitler's visit to Hendaye.
But the most obvious evidence that the Francoist regime knew what was happening is that at least two of the convoy were taken off the field with the efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Franco led by Serrano Suner.
Halfway through a year of detention of 470 of the convoy in the extermination camp of Mauthausen, the foreign ministry received a letter from the Spanish Embassy in Berlin reporting that the fate of Spanish citizens who had been interned there for being red or by his dangerous political past, this time the foreign ministry responded with a handwritten note outside that I quote:
"Since it seems inadvisable to do anything for the inmates, filed"
The Spanish Embassy in Vienna processed death certificates for hundreds of deportees to Nazi death camps of Spanish origin, it is estimated that around 10,000 Spanish passed through the Nazi death camps. Of the 470 who left the convoy and they opened the 927 civilian transport to extermination camps, at least 60, all of them mutilated, were killed immediately upon arrival to the field without even being enrolled, including 470, 409 victims die Nazi barbarism and neglect of an accomplice to the Spanish authorities.
The life that awaited the Spanish in the concentration camp was hell on earth, since the Spanish they had applied the Night and Fog Decree (Decreto_Nacht_und_Nebel), which established the physical elimination of opponents of the Nazi regime, the method used by the Nazis for the extermination of the inmates was to exploit them physically more capable in a quarry adjacent to the field, Jesus Tello, one member of the Convoy of the 927 tells how they were forced to climb the 182 steps loaded with huge stones, some when they came up fell back exhausted in turn causing the downfall of those who preceded them, and we must bear in mind that being sick or badly injured was the passport to certain death, others were thrown from above Quarry for the camp guards just for fun. They were forced to train for hours in the early morning rain or nevase for the sole purpose of breaking the spirit of survival of the prisoners.
It should be noted the heroic gesture of the Spanish national of Mauthausen, Francisco Boix (although not part of the convoy) and the Poschacher group, composed of Spanish prisoners, through their courage, in the Nuremberg trials could condemn many the Nazi bigwigs who tried to evade responsibility by claiming they knew nothing, called by the prosecution French, Francisco Boix with photographs provide evidence against Ernst Kaltenbrunner and Albert Speer and others.
The convoy with the rest of the members giving way to Spain followed a rare tour of Europe, and finally coming to Spain to Hendaye station on September 1, 1940, there began a second ordeal that lasted 40 years for victims of that train inmates in a country that was a prison run by the state.
Although it is clear that the greatest act of courage is to have survived internment in Nazi death camps, survival at 40 years of Franco dictatorship, an accomplice of the crimes are recounted here and tell the younger generations as there step in order not to forget to not happen again. We all have a debt to these people, the best way to pay is not forgetting what they went through, showing them the utmost respect on the 70th anniversary of the first transport of civilians to an extermination camp.
Huerta Manuel one of the victims of the train at the end of the documentary says:
"When silence is that no one speaks"
I reply that not a member of this silence and give thanks for surviving and tell him and all who fought died or survived the Nazi barbarism and Franco.
Antonio Garcia Leal ®
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario